Concession and restriction
Develop nuanced argument through a focused practice itinerary.
Concession and restriction
Concessive clauses acknowledge a fact without accepting its expected result. Sebbene, benché, nonostante, malgrado, and per quanto normally introduce the subjunctive. Pur plus the gerund or adjective creates a compact concession. Restrictive expressions such as a meno che, salvo che, purché, and a condizione che define the limit of a claim or agreement.
- Sebbene il piano sia valido, presenta alcuni rischi.· Although the plan is sound, it presents some risks.
- Benché avessero poco tempo, conclusero il lavoro.· Although they had little time, they completed the work.
- Nonostante sia stato criticato, il progetto continua.· Although it has been criticised, the project continues.
- Per quanto possa sembrare semplice, la scelta è delicata.· However simple it may seem, the choice is delicate.
Form, meaning, and contrast
Compare the second set of models. Identify the contrast in meaning, then check verb form, agreement, pronoun position, and the logical relation before you produce a new sentence.
- Pur riconoscendo i vantaggi, non possiamo ignorare i costi.· While recognising the benefits, we cannot ignore the costs.
- Accetteremo, purché siano rispettate le condizioni.· We will accept, provided that the conditions are respected.
- Partiremo domani, a meno che il tempo non peggiori.· We will leave tomorrow unless the weather gets worse.
- La misura resterà temporanea, salvo che emergano nuovi dati.· The measure will remain temporary unless new data emerge.